面向初學(xué)者的交互式教學(xué)工具：學(xué)習(xí)肌電圖（EMG）
導(dǎo)讀
正如Carlo De Luca教授指出的那樣：“肌電圖的使用非常容易，因此也很容易濫用?！?（在生物力學(xué)中使用表面肌電圖，1997）。那么，我們?cè)撊绾渭m正呢？教育。通過學(xué)習(xí)和了解肌電圖（EMG）應(yīng)用背后的因素和概念，我們可以更好地指導(dǎo)技術(shù)的使用并進(jìn)一步探索神經(jīng)控制。
理解EMG應(yīng)用的關(guān)鍵一步是探索控制信號(hào)采集，處理和分析的基本結(jié)構(gòu)。Jennifer Martay博士（英國(guó)安格魯斯魯金大學(xué)）和Hugo Martay博士創(chuàng)建了交互式工具來介紹EMG數(shù)據(jù)采集和分析的基礎(chǔ)。
該模擬工具允許初始用戶進(jìn)一步可視化如何通過傳播肌肉纖維的動(dòng)作電位創(chuàng)建EMG軌跡。其他因素會(huì)影響所記錄的EMG信號(hào)。內(nèi)在和外在因素的作用可以在相關(guān)的研究論文中進(jìn)一步探討。
https://aru.ac.uk/people/jennifer-martay
EMG神經(jīng)肌肉模擬
http://articlesbyaphysicist.com/muscle_emg.html
該工具通過沿著神經(jīng)和沿著肌肉纖維的動(dòng)作電位來創(chuàng)建EMG軌跡。您可以用鼠標(biāo)將兩個(gè)電極放在肌肉上。電極從穿過肌肉纖維的動(dòng)作電位中拾取電壓。電壓顯示在頁面底部的EMG軌跡中。
The muscle can be “Tense” (100% of fibres get action potentials), “Medium” (50% of fibres get action potentials), or “Relaxed” (0% of fibres get action potentials).
肌肉可以是“緊張”（100％的纖維具有動(dòng)作電位），“中等”（50％的纖維具有動(dòng)作電位）或“松弛”（0％的纖維具有動(dòng)作電位）。
You can view as “Time Fast”, “Time Medium”, or “Time Slow”, which changes the speed of the action potentials moving along the fibre. You can also use “Time Stopped” to stop the action potentials.
您可以將其視為“時(shí)間快”、“時(shí)間中”或“時(shí)間慢”，這會(huì)改變動(dòng)作電位沿纖維移動(dòng)的速度。你也可以用“停止時(shí)間”來停止動(dòng)作電位。
In “Realistic”, the muscle is split into different motor groups (one fibre per motor group), and the action potentials to each are realistic in that they are not synchronised. Action potentials join the muscle fibres near the middle, and propagate both ways. This is similar to what happens in real vertebrate muscles.
在“現(xiàn)實(shí)”中，肌肉被分成不同的運(yùn)動(dòng)組(每個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)組一個(gè)纖維)，每個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)組的動(dòng)作電位是現(xiàn)實(shí)的，因?yàn)樗鼈儾皇峭降?。?dòng)作電位靠近中間連接肌肉纖維，并向兩邊傳播。這與真正的脊椎動(dòng)物的肌肉相似。
In “Simplified”, only one action potential moves through the nerve and muscle at a time. All action potentials move from left to right only.
在“簡(jiǎn)化”中，一次只有一個(gè)動(dòng)作電位通過神經(jīng)和肌肉移動(dòng)。所有動(dòng)作電位只從左向右移動(dòng)。
肌電圖分析工具
http://www.articlesbyaphysicist.com/emg_waves.html
該工具使您可以交互式地分析EMG信號(hào)。
Signals can be viewed in "Normal View" or "Spectrum". "Normal View" shows EMG signals with time as the x axis. "Spectrum" shows spectrum / frequency plots of the EMG signals with frequency as the x axis. "Zoom" allows you to zoom into plots.
可以在“普通視圖”或“頻譜”中查看信號(hào)?！罢Ｒ晥D”顯示了以時(shí)間為x軸的EMG信號(hào)?！邦l譜”以頻率為x軸顯示EMG信號(hào)的頻譜/頻率圖?！翱s放”可讓您放大繪圖。
Below this, choose the Activity and Muscle Groups to consider from the drop down boxes.
在此下方，從下拉框中選擇要考慮的活動(dòng)和肌肉組。
Raw EMG signals are shown in the top 2 figures called "Raw Input". Various analysis steps that can be performed are listed on the far left of the page. The analysis step type, order, and frequency can be set for each step. Plots showing the results of each step are generated to the right. Up to 7 analysis steps can be performed using this tool, with each intermediate plot created.
原始的EMG信號(hào)顯示在前兩個(gè)圖中，稱為“原始輸入”。頁面最左側(cè)列出了可以執(zhí)行的各種分析步驟?？梢詾槊總€(gè)步驟設(shè)置分析步驟的類型，順序和頻率。右側(cè)顯示了顯示每個(gè)步驟的結(jié)果的圖。使用此工具最多可以執(zhí)行7個(gè)分析步驟，并創(chuàng)建每個(gè)中間圖。
